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DEFINITIONS AVITAS's value definitions conform to those of the International Society of Transport Aircraft Trading ("ISTAT") adopted in January 1994, and are summarized as follows: Base Value is the appraiser's opinion of the underlying economic value of an aircraft in an open, unrestricted, stable market environment with a reasonable balance of supply and demand, and assumes full consideration of its "highest and best use." An aircraft's Base Value is founded in the historical trend of values and in the projection of value trends and presumes an arm's-length, cash transaction between willing and knowledgeable parties, acting prudently, with an absence of duress and with a reasonable period of time for marketing. Base Value typically assumes that an aircraft's physical condition is average for an aircraft of its type and age, and its maintenance time status is at mid-life, mid-time (or benefiting from an above-average maintenance status if it is new or nearly new). Market Value (or Current Market Value if the value pertains to the time of the analysis) is the appraiser's opinion of the most likely trading price that may be generated for an aircraft under the market conditions that are perceived to exist at the time in question. Market Value assumes that the aircraft is valued for its highest, best use, that the parties to the hypothetical transaction are willing, able, prudent and knowledgeable, and under no unusual pressure for a prompt sale, and that the transaction would be negotiated in an open and unrestricted market on an arm's-length basis, for cash or equivalent consideration, and given an adequate amount of time for effective exposure to prospective buyers. Market Value assumes that an aircraft's physical condition is average for an aircraft of its type and age, and its maintenance time status is at mid-life, mid-time (or benefiting from an above-average maintenance status if it is new or nearly new). Market Value is synonymous with Fair Market Value in that both reflect the state of supply and demand in the market that exists at the time. Adjusted Market Value indicates that the Market Value of the aircraft has been adjusted to include some degree of actual technical status and maintenance condition of the aircraft. Future Base Value is the appraiser's forecast of future aircraft value(s) setting forth Base Value(s) as defined above. Distress Value is the appraiser's opinion of the price at which an aircraft could be sold under abnormal conditions, such as an artificially limited marketing time period, the perception of the seller being under duress to sell, an auction, a liquidation, commercial restrictions, legal complications or other such factors that significantly reduce the bargaining leverage of the seller and give the buyer a significant advantage that can translate into heavily discounted actual trading prices. Apart from the fact that the seller is uncommonly motivated, the parties to the transaction are otherwise assumed to be willing, able, prudent and knowledgeable, negotiating under the market conditions that are perceived to exist at the time, not in an idealized balanced market. While Distress Value normally implies that the seller is under some duress, there are occasions when buyers, not sellers, are distressed and, therefore, willing to pay a premium price. Securitized Value or Lease - Encumbered Value is the appraiser's opinion of the value of an aircraft under lease, given a specified lease payment stream (rents and term), an estimated future residual value at lease termination and an appropriate discount rate. The Securitized Value or Lease - Encumbered Value may be more or less than the appraiser's opinion of Current Market Value. The appraiser may not be fully aware of the credit risks associated with the parties involved, nor the time-value of money to those parties, nor with possible tax consequences pertaining to the parties involved, nor with all of the provisions of the lease that may pertain to items such as security deposits, purchase options at various dates, term extensions, sub-lease rights, repossession rights, reserve payments and return conditions. |
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